Showing posts with label supp-melatonin. Show all posts
Showing posts with label supp-melatonin. Show all posts

Saturday, 30 March 2013

Melatonin - Wikipedia

Melatonin - Wikipedia

Melatonin Listeni/ˌmɛləˈtnɪn/, also known chemically as N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine,[1] is a naturally occurring compound found in animals, plants, and microbes.[2][3] In animals, circulating levels of the hormone melatonin vary in a daily cycle, thereby allowing the entrainment of the circadian rhythms of several biological functions.[4]
Many biological effects of melatonin are produced through activation of melatonin receptors,[5] while others are due to its role as a pervasive and powerful antioxidant,[6] with a particular role in the protection of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA.[7]
Systematic (IUPAC) name
N-[2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]
acetamide
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Melatonin, Learning, memory and Alzheimer's - Wikipedia

Melatonin, Learning, memory and Alzheimer's - Wikipedia

Melatonin receptors appear to be important in mechanisms of learning and memory in mice,[81] and melatonin can alter electrophysiological processes associated with memory, such as long-term potentiation (LTP). The first published evidence that melatonin may be useful in Alzheimer's disease was the demonstration that this neurohormone prevents neuronal death caused by exposure to the amyloid beta protein, a neurotoxic substance that accumulates in the brains of patients with the disorder.[82] Melatonin also inhibits the aggregation of the amyloid beta protein into neurotoxic microaggregates that, it seems, underlie the neurotoxicity of this protein, causing death of neurons and formation of neurofibrillary tangles, the other neuropathological landmark of Alzheimer's disease.[83]

Melatonin has been shown to prevent the hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein in rats. Hyperphosphorylation of tau protein can also result in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles. Studies in rats suggest that melatonin may be effective for treating Alzheimer's disease.[84] These same neurofibrillary tangles can be found in the hypothalamus in patients with Alzheimer's, adversely affecting their bodies' production of melatonin. Another study has implicated heightened afternoon agitation found in many Alzheimer's patients, called sundowning, with a phase delay in core body temperature.[85] This may suggest a possible connection to melatonin production.

Exposure to light during the night reduces plasma melatonin levels.... [Am J Psychiatry. 1985] - PubMed - NCBI

Am J Psychiatry. 1985 Jun;142(6):725-7.

Exposure to light during the night reduces plasma melatonin levels.

Abstract

Exposure to light during the night reduces plasma melatonin levels. A previous study showed that, in response to light, nighttime plasma melatonin levels fell twice as much in a group of acutely ill manic-depressive patients as in a group of normal subjects. The present study compares 11 euthymic manic-depressive patients not taking medications with 24 age- and sex-matched normal subjects. Melatonin levels in these patients also fell twice as much as the levels of the normal subjects, suggesting that supersensitivity to light may be a trait marker for bipolar affective disorder.

PMID:
4003592
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Why Melatonin (hormone) Is a Dangerous Supplement | Mark's Daily Apple

Why Melatonin Is a Dangerous Supplement | Mark's Daily Apple

Melatonin is a popular supplement for the sleep-deprived, namely because it carries rather innocent associations. Melatonin is “natural” and “safe” and “herbal”, right?

Wrong. I’ve been arguing with the melatonin prophets for years because I believe the image melatonin has, and what melatonin really is, are vastly different. Like so many things that we trust in, consume or think we understand, the truth may not be what we want to believe.

My caution with melatonin is simple: melatonin is a hormone.

That’s right – a hormone. Like estrogen. Like testosterone. And just like taking estrogen (whether it’s Hormone Replacement Therapy or the Pill) or testosterone therapy, melatonin comes with risks. Frequent melatonin use – especially in the typical dosage of 3-6 milligrams – can trigger a bit of a vicious cycle in the brain. Supplement with melatonin regularly to get to sleep, and your body is going to produce even less, creating even greater need for the hormone. It’s not that you can’t ever take melatonin; but I think it’s important that people understand the facts.

A caveat: While I am generally against using hormones (it’s not nice to fool Mother Nature), I am in favor of using the natural version of the hormone melatonin to “reset” the diurnal clock when traveling across time zones. Because, after all, you got there by fooling Mother Nature in the first place! Humans did not evolve a mechanism to adapt to changing time zones. Jet travel can be some of the most destructive stress you can encounter, especially the older you get.

In fact, a recent article in ScienceNow Daily News reported on the growing concern in the scientific community over the dangers of jet lag. Turns out it’s more serious than we previously realized. Jet lag increases risk of cancer, ulcers, and sleep disorders, as well as weakening the immune system. Now, this isn’t reason to stop traveling; simply be aware of the risks and take some smart precautions (drinking alcohol on the plane: not a good idea).

I travel frequently, and I don’t suffer from jet lag, because I use melatonin judiciously in these instances. I also have a few rules about travel (feel free to crib my notes):

- Once you’ve landed and checked in to your lodgings, immediately get an aerobic workout. This will help stimulate circulation, hormones and serotonin production – it’ll just be that much easier adjusting to the new time zone. Don’t tuck into a glass of wine or take a nap. Spend 30 minutes getting your heart racing instead.

- Eat a small, protein-rich meal that also includes some fiber. But keep it light so your body isn’t further stressed.

- Reset your watch and then… lie to yourself. Don’t think about it; just immediately adapt to the new time zone.

- Of course, the goal is to adjust as soon as possible to your new time zone. If you’re flying overnight or flying to a place where everyone else will have just finished sleeping, by all means, do what you can to nap on the plane or otherwise refresh yourself.

- Drink at least a quart of water your first day there (4 glasses).

- Go to bed when everyone else in your new time zone goes to bed, and take 3-6 milligrams of melatonin an hour before you plan to fall asleep to make that possible.

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Here’s the ScienceNow clickativity.

Read more: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/before-you-close-your-eyes-make-sure-theyre-open/#ixzz2P3k1SLIB